Das Leibniz-Institut zur Analyse des Biodiversitätswandels

ist ein Forschungsmuseum der Leibniz Gemeinschaft

Enhancing arthropod biodiversity using intercropping

Erscheinungsjahr: 
2021
Vollständiger Titel: 
Intercropping in high input agriculture supports arthropod diversity without risking significant yield losses
Publiziert in: 
Basic and Applied Ecology
Publikationstyp: 
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
DOI Name: 
10.1016/j.baae.2021.02.011
Keywords: 
biodiversity, intercropping, arthropods, insects
Bibliographische Angaben: 
Brandmeier J., Reininghaus H., Pappagallo S., Karley A. J., Kiær L. P., Scherber C. (2021) Intercropping in high input agriculture supports arthropod diversity without risking significant yield losses. Basic and Applied Ecology
Abstract: 

Arthropod diversity of different taxonomic groups and ecosystem services are declining, yet current measures to counteract losses are often restricted to small areas of land or field margins, particularly in agricultural systems. At the same time, large areas of land will be required to feed a growing global population. Intercropping has been proposed as a potential solution to maximize both biodiversity and yield at large scale, but experimental evidence is scarce.

In a three-year field experiment, we manipulated crop diversity and management intensity in a cereal-legume intercropping experiment in Germany, where 50% of wheat was replaced by faba beans. We measured arthropod abundance and diversity of different functional groups (pollinators, natural enemies, herbivores) and crop yield.

We found that increasing crop diversity increased abundance and diversity of arthropods. Notably, pollinator and natural enemy abundances increased in intercropped systems. Low management intensity generally had positive effects on arthropod abundance and especially on pollinator diversity, indicating benefits of reduced inputs of fertilizers and herbicides. While wheat yield was higher in monocultures and for high management intensity, total grain yield of the intercrop (indicated by land equivalent ratio) was higher in mixtures. We found that trade-offs were stronger between arthropod diversity and wheat yield than between arthropod abundance and wheat yield. Specialist wheat herbivores and generalist herbivores were more abundant at higher wheat yields. Conversely, pollinator and natural enemy diversity were negatively associated with wheat yield.

Our results show that diversification can promote both higher yields and greater diversity of arthropods. Intercropping can thus be an opportunity to support biodiversity without risking significant yield losses.

Ansprechpartnerin / Ansprechpartner

Leiter Zentrum für Biodiversitätsmonitoring (zbm)
+49 228 9122-450
+49 228 9122-212
c.scherber [at] leibniz-lib.de