The turquoise dwarf gecko (Lygodactylus williamsi) is endemic to two small forests in eastern Tanzania, where it exclusively dwells on screwpines (Pandanus rabaiensis). To assess its population status, we surveyed its habitats at the Kimboza Forest Reserve and estimated the population size of the territorial gecko based on habitat availability, using Pandanus abundance as a proxy. Furthermore, threats to the species, especially the impact of the international pet trade on the population, were studied. Our results suggest a severe population decline.