Alexander Koenig: a man with German roots, whose family was one of the most important sugar traders in Russia. Early on, he developed a strong interest in natural history, studied zoology and visited a variety of countries privatly and on expiditions, from which he always brought back new specimens for his collections.
The founding stone for the present museum building was laid in 1912. Due to the turmoil of the First World War and the subsequent political and economical problems the final museum could not be opened until 1934.